Plagiarism Policy

Patria Educational Journal (PEJ) is committed to maintaining the highest standards of academic integrity and publication ethics. All manuscripts submitted to the journal are screened for plagiarism before entering the peer-review process using reliable plagiarism detection software, such as Turnitin or an equivalent similarity-checking tool.

Authors are expected to submit original manuscripts that have not been published previously and are not under consideration for publication elsewhere. Any form of plagiarism, including direct plagiarism, self-plagiarism, duplicate publication, data fabrication, data falsification, improper citation, or unattributed use of another person's ideas, words, figures, or tables, is considered unethical and unacceptable.

PEJ generally requires that the overall similarity index of a manuscript should not exceed 20% , excluding references, quotations, and small unavoidable matches. However, editorial decisions are based not only on the similarity percentage but also on the nature, source, and context of the matched content. A low similarity score does not automatically indicate originality, and a higher similarity score may still be acceptable if the overlap consists of properly cited materials, standard methodological descriptions, or legally reusable content.

If plagiarism or unethical publication practices are identified before publication, the manuscript will be immediately rejected or returned to the authors for revision, depending on the severity of the case. If plagiarism is discovered after publication, the Editorial Board reserves the right to publish corrections, issue expressions of concern, retract the article, and notify the authors' affiliated institutions when necessary.

PEJ follows the ethical principles and best practices established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and expects all authors, reviewers, and editors to uphold these standards throughout the publication process. The Editorial Board reserves the right to take appropriate editorial action against any form of publication misconduct to preserve the integrity and credibility of the scholarly record.